Throughout the long history of Myanmar , commencing from the Era of Sri Khestra , when Mahayana Buddhism and Hinayana Buddhism flourished and up to the middle period of Konbaung dynasty the monks were the person who have shouldered the tasks of the national education. At that times, there were monks ( Aranyawathi) who devoted and concentrated their efforts for the salvation from Sansara in accordance with the teachings of the Buddha and some monks who were involved in secular affairs ( Gamawathi ).
      U Kaung, the late Commissioner of Education and who was and expert in Myanmar education remarked thus Monastic -Education is an education which is suitable for building up the moral and to establish the basic for Myanmar culture. Anyhow, in the Myanmar society as the secular and non secular are closely related and linked , so Monastic education should be called as the National education. Monastic education is successful to nurture good moral character and literature. But, under the colonial rule the essence of the National education has vanished
In the old days, by tradition, every Buddhist youth should spend a period in a kyaung learning not only the laws and scriptures but also reading and writing in Myanmar and arithmetic. According to the data collected during the year 1869-70, in lower Myanmar there were 3438 monasteries and 340 home- schools . The number of students attending at the monasteries were 43773 and those attending at the home-schools were 5269. This was the salient point that how widespread the monastic education was in those days. 
At present, monastic education which had been the main stay of education on the country still exists side by side with the formal school system. The formal school entrant age is 5 years. The school structure is part of the basic education sector.

Myanmar Naing-Ngan Education Committee

 This Committee has been established in order to lay the foundations of an education system which is, equitable with the economic and political aspirations of the nation.

Department of Myanmar Language Commission

From the Rajakumar stone inscription which bear the date 475 Myanmar Era ( 113 A.D. ),it can be inferred that Myanmar language had developed into the written form at least more than eight centuries ago. However, although effort had been made by the monarch to establish an orthography of the language and by individuals on morphology, a standard orthography and a monolingual dictionary of the language were still lacking after a quarter of a century had passed since gaining independence from the British in 1948.
      To correct this discrepancy and to establish the Myanmar language which is in fact the medium of the communication for the vast majority of the people either as their mother tongue or the most practical second language in this multi-ethnic society on a sound basis, the Revolutionary Council laid the corner stone for the future formation of the Myanmar Language Commission by forming the Commission for Myanmar Literature Translation in 1963.
      After a series of organizational and functional changes, the present commission consisting of members appointed by the Cabinet and a department under the Ministry of Education providing its management and operational requirements assumed its present form in 1983.

 Myanmar Education Research Bureau first came into existence under the name of Burma Education Research Bureau (BERB )in 1966. By the enactment of Burma Educational Research Law in 1973 it gained its legal status. It is headed by a full time Chairman and its mandate is to promote and support research activities in education.
      Educational History of Myanmar Treatise in five chapters ,i.e. 1886-1947, 1962-1970, 1971-1980, 1980-up to present time are being compiled by the Research Bureau and draft chapters for the first three parts are finished
 Myanmar Education Research Bureau has the administrative capability and flexibility and resources necessary for research execution and collaboration with other bodies within and departments outside the Ministry.